What Type Of Literacy Instruction Do You Use - 1593 Words

Interview Questions: 1. What type of literacy instruction do you use? Is it a specific program? (If so what program is it?) †¢ We actually use a combination of programs to create our literacy block. We use the Daily 5 model to create our block of time and stations that they work either in groups or independently. If you haven’t read this book it is a really awesome: â€Å"The Daily 5: fostering literacy independence in the elementary grades† by Gail Boushey Joan Moser. †¢ We also use Reach for Reading as our primary reading curriculum, this was just adopted last year. It is really great for intermediate grades, but for us our students are already quite proficient in many of the areas of the curriculum which is why we supplement it so†¦show more content†¦What type of math instruction do you use? Is it a specific program? (If so what program is it?) †¢ We use Everyday Math as our math curriculum. The kindergarten curriculum is sometimes not strenuous enough for our students so we have a separate that we use called Kindergarten Explorations that uses Everyday Math as well that is for some of our higher level students. 4. When is your math instruction during the day? Is it continuous or just during a certain time each day? How is it implemented? †¢ Math is from 11:45-12:40 each day and is split into time for Everyday Math and Math Workshop, which use games for both individuals and partners to practice math concepts we have learned. Half the class does math by myself while the other does math with a partner during a round and then they switch for the next round. They usually have 6 activities to choose from; math by myself or math with a partner. o 11:45-11:55 White Board Review as a whole class o 11:55-12:10 Math

The Importance of Language and Culture - 3202 Words

The importance of language is a repeated trend throughout history. The lack of language weighs negatively on an individual’s intellect and the acquisition of language feeds the development of one’s cultural identity. The greatest historical conquest began in the realm of linguistic turmoil. Examples of this are vast in the capturing of American Americans slaves, and injustice towards the Native Americans on the home front. The captured people were taken from a variety of tribes speaking different native tongues to insure communication barriers resulting in the slaves not being able to overtake the ship or rally an uprising. The linguistic and cultural differences lead to the manipulation of the semantics of agreements, which lead to many Native Americans to lose their land. The British taken continentally instilled linguistic control over people from India to Southern Africa. British forcefully mandated the educational system be taught in English therefore ultim ately taking over the languacultural acquisition of the continent of India’s future. The pedagogy of language is connected to perpetuation of culture, traditions, and social norms. The Deaf community is another example of the importance of language acquisition throughout history. The impact of how a deaf child is educated impacts more than that deaf child alone but also the future of the Deaf community and the languaculture rich in American Sign Language. â€Å"Classrooms mediate unique and diverseShow MoreRelatedThe Importance of Language and Culture2130 Words   |  9 PagesThe Importance of Language and Culture Diana Everett COM200 Instructor Terrance Frazier April 04, 2011 The Importance of Language and Culture There are two forms of communications--verbal and non-verbal. Nonverbal communication is usually understood as the process of communication through sending and receiving wordless messages. Language is not the only source of communication, there are other means also. Messages can be communicated through gestures and touch, by body language or postureRead MoreThe Importance of Teaching Culture in the Foreign Language Classroom9379 Words   |  38 PagesThe Importance Of Teaching Culture In The Foreign Language Classroom Radical Pedagogy (2001) ISSN: 1524-6345 The Importance Of Teaching Culture In The Foreign Language Classroom Language And Culture: What IS Culture And Why Should IT BE Taught? In this section, we will briefly examine the relationship between language and culture and see why the teaching of culture should constitute an integral part of the English language curriculum. To begin with, language is a social institution, both shapingRead MoreThe Factors That Necessitate And Influence The Teaching Of Culture851 Words   |  4 Pagesteaching of culture in EFL classrooms. Though the focus is on English language classes in China, I believe the core message can be applied to second language classes anywhere. The EFL community now acknowledges the importance of culture, however, it’s presence in the curriculum remains sparse for a number of reasons including â€Å"lack of time, uncertainty about which aspects of culture to teach, and the lack of practical techniques† (Mao, p. 144). Additionally, the majority of language proficiency testsRead MoreFilm Evaluation-the Linguists1160 Words   |  5 Pages1. Why do linguists study languages, and what is lost when a language dies? Figure out possible ways the human mind can make sense of the world around it. Some unique way of seeing the world could be lost. 2. What areas do Gregory and David choose when they are looking for languages to research? Areas most in need and areas with history of colonization. India, Bolivia, and Siberia are some examples. 3. Who typically stops speaking the indigenous language, and why do you think thatRead MoreThe Importance of Language in Pushing the Bear1201 Words   |  5 Pagessignificant because it expresses the importance of maintaining Cherokee cultural ideals as protest towards the United States government. The nine-hundred mile, four month journey that the Southeastern Cherokee tribes were forced to make in the winter of 1838 threatened to wipe out an entire culture. On the journey, approximately four thousand people lost their lives. As this harrowing story is portrayed in the novel, the importance of the language and maintaining the culture of the Cherokee people is theRead MoreCross Cultural Communication : A Universal Standards For Business Communication871 Words   |  4 Pagesacross multiple cultures effectively. This process is called cross-cultural communication, with this has created much debate as to if it’s important to understand other countries cultural communication s. Below I will explain why it is crucial, to understand cross-cultural communication, key components of communicating, and provide some examples of cross-cultural communication. Why It’s Needed Business is not conducted in an identical fashion throughout the world from culture to culture, with this beingRead MoreLanguage Differences Between Language And Language1247 Words   |  5 PagesWhile language deficiency makes some significant points that only specific codes are used by different economical groups, language difference theory raises the point of language variation and the problem is with the way that schools are interacting and valuing the differences among students. It must be noted language difference focus on the difference in a set of language skills held by students of different cultural backgrounds, not a deficient set of language skills as Bernstein had described.Read MoreWhy Learning A Foreign Language Is Important?832 Words   |  4 PagesWhy Learning a Foreign Language is Important? Language is very important for every human being. It helps us to communicate with each other also to be able to read, write and understand what we see in the books, television and streets. Language is a system, which helps the humans to operate and communicate similar to the need for operating system that helps the processor to make the hardware and the software work, likewise our need for the language, which helps us to improve our brain that makesRead MoreKeith H. Basso Essay1683 Words   |  7 Pagesinteresting ethnography about the Western Apache culture by using two usually overlooked topics, geography and oral history. Geography and the location of places is usually forgotten or seen as just topography, but Basso proves that geography is more than a location. It is the forgotten history of the name of a place that makes the locality more important than it seems. While whitemen (a term frequented by the Apache to describe White European culture) has constantly renamed places f or convenienceRead MorePiagets Theory Of Natural Selection1381 Words   |  6 Pagesis complex and essential to one’s survival. The importance of it is evident in Darwin’s theory of natural selection. According to Darwin (1859), only the most equipped to survive and reproduce is environmentally favoured to pass their genes to their offspring. The repercussion of this mentality is still intact to our modern society, where the weak and vulnerable are regarded as inferior to our society. However, despite establishing the importance of development, the progression of development is

Community Guide Systematic Review Analysis â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Community Guide Systematic Review Analysis? Answer: Introducation I support the intent of this bill because mental health in New Zealand is a serious and ever rising issue. In 2012/2013, according to a health survey, one among six individuals in New Zealand suffer from mental disorders like anxiety, bipolar disorders and depression (Www.health.govt.nz, 2017). Women are found to be more prone to the mental disorders than men among all age groups. Unlike 13% of men prone to mental disorders, 20% of females are found to be affected by common mental disorders. The most affected age groups of women affected by mental illnesses were in the range of 35-44 years, while men of age groups 45-55 years are affected. 6% of the New Zealand citizens experience psychological distress and are prone to have a depressive or anxiety disorder. However, women are found to be more affected by psychological distress than men are. Older people were diagnosed with various mental disorders, while the younger generation suffered from psychological distress. Mental disorders a re the third leading causes of health challenges faced by the New Zealanders. It is behind only to cancer and vascular diseases (Www.mentalhealth.org.nz, 2017). In 2014/2015, the New Zealand Health Survey reported that an approximate 17% adult are diagnosed with anxiety or mood disorders. Approximately 6.2% of the adults reported to be suffering from or experiencing mental distress resulting in rage, depression, anxiety and confused emotions. The use of antidepressants has also increased among the population of New Zealand. Approximately 5% of New Zealanders live with psychiatric disabilities, which limit their day-to-day activities. Reports reveal premature mortality among individuals suffering from mental health problems due to side effects of medications that affect the cardiovascular health as well as high rates of smoking. Other conditions leading to premature mortality among individuals with mental disorders include lack of proper treatment, social deprivation and discriminati on (Galletly et al., 2016). The aim of the organization is to implement various approaches that would help to decrease mental health cases in New Zealand. I wish to make the following comments. Suicide is not only a social issue but also a health related issue. Suicide rates indicate the problems associated with mental health as well as the social welfare of the population of a country. New Zealand has a high number of suicide cases related to issues of mental health. According to UNICEF, New Zealand has the highest number of youth suicides among the various developed countries (McLoughlin, Gould Malone, 2015). Various reasons lead to high suicide rates among teenagers in New Zealand. These include high number of pregnancies among teenagers, lack of employment and child poverty. Moreover, New Zealand has the worst cases of child bullying present in their various schools and colleges. Other factors include child abuses and family violence (Fryers Brugha, 2013). Suicide rates are higher among the Pacific Islander and Maori men. Thus. There are also issues regarding social discrimination, cultural racism, among others (Crengle, Robinson , Ameratunga, Clark Raphael, 2012). The suicide rates are found to be higher among men as compared to the women. Moreover, the younger population are more affected than the older generation. Individuals with depressive disorders are particularly at a higher risk of committing suicide. I support the clause because mental health is a serious issue in New Zealand. The topic of mental health is a cause of concern in New Zealand but sufficient attention is not provided in this case. Individuals living in rural and deprived regions of New Zealand suffer from poor health, particularly from poor mental health condition. They do not get facilities for proper healthcare. In the New Zealand Health Survey of 2012/2013, adults living in remote areas are diagnosed with mental disorders (Www.midlandshn.health.nz, 2017). The various risk factors for the development of mental disorders include social inequalities. Actions are needed to ensure improvement in the conditions of daily life starting from birth and progressing to adulthood. Actions in all the stages from birth to adulthood are needed to improve the mental health of the populations associated with social inequalities. Unemployment or very poor quality of employment poses as risk factors in the development of mental disor ders (Frasquilho et al., 2016). There is a direct correlation between the development of mental conditions and job loss. The total absence of mental health discussions in New Zealand is highly disturbing. The indigenous population are at an increased risk because they are less likely to be diagnosed with mental conditions because of their socioeconomic status. Another concern that is associated with increased numbers of mental disorder cases is the education level of the population. Lack of proper education causes the population to believe that mental illness is a personality flaw rather than a condition that needs immediate medical attention (Www.who.int, 2017). Although I agree with the general intent of the clause 1, I consider that certain changes are to be made. These include the addition of necessary approaches that can be undertaken to prevent or reduce the number of mental health cases in New Zealand. The 2 primary National policies that are responsible for the initiatives regarding mental health development in New Zealand are Rising to the Challenge: The Mental Health and Addiction Service Development Plan 2012-2017 (Ministry of Health, 2012) and the Mental Health and Addiction Commissioning Framework (Ministry of Health, 2016). Rising to the challenge defines the importance of generating proper infrastructure for integrating specialist services along with primary services. It also states that the New Zealand ministry will develop and operate a primary mental health and addiction service delivery framework based on the stepped care model that ensures that people immediately receive the appropriate level of care. The Mental Health and Addiction Commissioning Framework is based on the UK Guidance for Commissioners of Primary Mental Health Care Services for necessary mental health service development in New Zealand. However, UK ensures better investment in evidence based research and therapies on mental disorders than New Zealand. In addition, changes have been described in the Government policies relating to new directions to be taken by health services like community based services carried out by Non-Government Organizations (Www.tepou.co.nz, 2017). Apart from these policies, the Health and Safety at Work Act 2015 (HSWA) is New Zealands most important and foremost law on work health and safety. The main purposes of HSWA are: protecting workers against damage to their safety, health and welfare by elimination of work related risks, providing effective workplace co-operation, promotion of work health and safety among the workers and the employers, education and training in association with health and safety at wor k, implementation of enforcement and compliance measures, review of actions and development of a framework for improvements and maintenance of high standards regarding health and safety at work. According to the HSWA, various tools or approaches are available in order to ensure prevention of potential health and safety risks at the workplace. These tools are improvement, prohibition, non-disturbance and infringement notices, enforceable undertakings and prosecutions. Improvement notices are issued when there is a breach of the HSWA guidelines. A prohibition notice is issued when the workplace activity is associated with serious health and safety concerns. An infringement notice is issued when offences are carried out against the HSWA. Moreover, prosecutions are also carried out for breaches in the HSWA guidelines (Www.worksafe.govt.nz, 2017). Specific Comments I wish to raise the following matters under term of reference 1. Specific approaches needed for mental health promotion and monitoring should include better use of the available resources like increasing the number of direct service delivery to individuals and increasing the number of specialist service providers in primary care. This will result in high value for money due to the implementations of public funded mental health services. Another approach can be to carry out integrations between primary and specialist care services. This will provide the individuals with mental illness, instant access to primary care services. Integration will also ensure that the waiting times for getting specialist services will be reduced and will also enable enhanced access to specialist care services for all ages (Thota et al., 2012). Lastly, approaches should be directed towards people living in remote areas under high levels of poverty. It will also ensure specialist services for such remote com munities and will enhance the chances of getting jobs and academic opportunities for people thriving under poor socio economic conditions. Recommendations Other recommendations that can be made for improving mental health in New Zealand could be to carry out intervention strategies at an early stage with relation to the children coming from poor socioeconomic backgrounds. Early life interventions will prevent the development of mental illnesses at a later stage of life. It is necessary to limit waiting times for youth or child services and increase access to such services in case of such lower income or indigenous populations. Thus, a system-based approach can ensure the mental health benefits for the population of New Zealand. References Crengle, S., Robinson, E., Ameratunga, S., Clark, T., Raphael, D. (2012). Ethnic discrimination prevalence and associations with health outcomes: data from a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of secondary school students in New Zealand.BMC public health,Vol: 12(1), pp: 45, doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-45 Frasquilho, D., Matos, M. G., Salonna, F., Guerreiro, D., Storti, C. C., Gaspar, T., Caldas-de-Almeida, J. M. (2016). Mental health outcomes in times of economic recession: a systematic literature review.BMC public health,Vol: 16(1), pp: 115, doi: 10.1186/s12889-016-2720-y Fryers, T., Brugha, T. (2013). Childhood determinants of adult psychiatric disorder.Clinical practice and epidemiology in mental health: CP EMH,Vol: 9, pp: 1-150, doi: 10.2174/1745017901309010001 Galletly, C., Castle, D., Dark, F., Humberstone, V., Jablensky, A., Killackey, E., Tran, N. (2016). Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for the management of schizophrenia and related disorders.Australian New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry,Vol: 50(5), pp: 410-472, doi: 10.1177/0004867416641195 McLoughlin, A. B., Gould, M. S., Malone, K. M. (2015). Global trends in teenage suicide: 20032014.QJM: An International Journal of Medicine,Vol: 108(10), pp: 765-780. doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hcv026 Thota, A. B., Sipe, T. A., Byard, G. J., Zometa, C. S., Hahn, R. A., McKnight-Eily, L. R., Gelenberg, A. J. (2012). Collaborative care to improve the management of depressive disorders: a community guide systematic review and meta-analysis.American journal of preventive medicine,Vol: 42(5), pp: 525-538, doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2012.01.019 Www.health.govt.nz. (2017).Cite a Website - Cite This For Me.Health.govt.nz. Retrieved 7 November 2017, from https://www.health.govt.nz/system/files/documents/publications/new-zealand-health-survey-annual-update-2012-13-dec13-v3.pdf Www.mentalhealth.org.nz. (2017).Cite a Website - Cite This For Me.Mentalhealth.org.nz. Retrieved 7 November 2017, from https://www.mentalhealth.org.nz/assets/Uploads/MHF-Quick-facts-and-stats-FINAL.pdf Www.midlandshn.health.nz. (2017).Cite a Website - Cite This For Me.Midlandshn.health.nz. Retrieved 7 November 2017, from https://www.midlandshn.health.nz/uploads/maori-health-profile-2012-v3.pdf Www.tepou.co.nz. (2017).Cite a Website - Cite This For Me.Tepou.co.nz. Retrieved 7 November 2017, from https://www.tepou.co.nz/uploads/files/resource-assets/handover-issue-27-autumn-2014.pdf Www.who.int. (2017).Cite a Website - Cite This For Me.Who.int. Retrieved 7 November 2017, from https://www.who.int/mental_health/advocacy/en/Call_for_Action_MoH_Intro.pdf Www.worksafe.govt.nz. (2017).Cite a Website - Cite This For Me.Worksafe.govt.nz. Retrieved 7 November 2017, from https://www.worksafe.govt.nz/worksafe/information-guidance/legal-framework/introduction-to-the-hsw-act-2015/special-guide/introduction-to-the-hsw-act-2015.pdf

The Ideal Dinner (Billy Corgan, Jimi Hendrix, And G. Washington) Essay

The Ideal Dinner (Billy Corgan, Jimi Hendrix, and G. Washington) If I could invite any three people to dinner, I would probably choose Billy Corgan of the Smashing Pumpkins, Jimi Hendrix, and George Washington. A strange combination to say the least, but I feel that I could learn a lot from all of them in the areas of creativity, skill, and wisdom. I would invite Billy Corgan because of the poetic lyrics in the songs he writes. He uses majestic words to describe everyday things and expresses himself beautifully, even in songs that don't sound like they would have good lyrics. I would like to know where he gets his inspiration. His lyrics do not even have to rhyme, but they flow together so beautifully, that you do not even notice. I would ask him about his future albums, projects, and ideas to gain a better understanding of poetry, lyrics, and songwriting. He is very intelligent, and I think he has a lot to share with everyone. His diversity, talent, and his ability to be ferocious and graceful at the same time would make me want to invite Billy Corgan to dinner. I would invite Jimi Hendrix because he was one of the greatest guitarists of all time, despite his drug habits. Hendrix was ahead of his time with the music he played. He introduced a whole new style of rock guitar. His lyrics were simple and were almost always about love, but his guitar talent and unique playing style always made up for it. I would love to have a jam session with him and maybe have him teach me some things I do not know about playing guitar. It would be a great honor to learn from a teacher as great as him. A lot of people would kill for a chance to do just that. His uncanny ability to play my favorite instrument, the guitar, would be plenty enough reason to invite Jimi Hendrix to dinner. My third guest would be much different than the rest. Not only because he didn't play guitar, but for the fact that he existed a couple hundred of years before either of the other two. I would invite George Washington to dinner because he was one of the founders of our country. The Constitution of the United States and other old bills are so vague, that I do not feel we have an accurate grasp of what the founders meant for our country. I would like to pick his brain and find out what he had in mind for the country that we live in. I think there would be a lot of changes in this country if he were alive today, a lot of them, quite possibly, for the better. I believe that the country is not at all what he intended it to be. I would like to know his views on God, his knowledge about law, and maybe how to win a war or two. His bravery, intellect, and wisdom would convince me to invite George Washington to dinner.

American Government essayEssay Writing Service

American Government essayEssay Writing Service American Government essay American Government essay  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sonia Sotomayor and Clarence Thomas are two representatives of two minority groups, who have reached the Supreme Court level in their career development but, in the course of their life and career, they had to overcome numerous biases and challenges, which they confronted to reach their personal and professional success and which they described in their autobiographical books.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In fact, both books are very useful in terms of understanding the professional development and career progress of representatives of minority groups in probably the most conservative field, the US justice system. Both authors reveal the impact of their personal biases, determined by their cultural background and social biases and stereotypes, which also affected their life consistently. Moreover, both books emphasize the problem of integration of minority groups into the mainstream culture and rela ted difficulties and challenges rather than their career success. This is why books are particularly useful in terms of understanding specific issues minorities deal with in the US and give insights to how to overcome those challenges, biases and other issues that arise in face of representatives of minority groups in the US.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   On the other hand, the lack of focus on professional challenges is the major drawback of both books. To put it more precisely, the authors fail to uncover how their minority background influenced their career development. For example, the authors do not reveal clearly whether they have faced discrimination or not. In addition, they do not provide clear recommendations on how to close gaps between the mainstream culture and minorities.Thus both books are useful in terms of the revelation of the adaptation of minorities to the life within the US mainstream culture.

The Nuremberg Laws of 1935

The Nuremberg Laws of 1935 On September 15, 1935, the Nazi government passed two new racial laws at their annual NSDAP Reich Party Congress in Nuremberg, Germany. These two laws (the Reich Citizenship Law and the Law to Protect German Blood and Honor) became collectively known as the Nuremberg Laws. These laws took German citizenship away from Jews and outlawed both marriage and sex between Jews and non-Jews. Unlike historical antisemitism, the Nuremberg Laws defined Jewishness by heredity (race) rather than by practice (religion). Early Antisemitic Legislation On April 7, 1933, the first major piece of antisemitic legislation in Nazi Germany was passed; it was entitled the â€Å"Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service.† The law served to bar Jews and other non-Aryans from participating in various organizations and professions in the civil service. Additional laws during April 1933 targeted Jewish students at public schools and universities and those who worked in the legal and medical professions. Between 1933 and 1935, many more pieces of antisemitic legislation were passed at both the local and national levels. The Nuremberg Laws At their annual Nazi Party rally in the southern German city of Nuremberg, the Nazis announced on September 15, 1935, the creation of the Nuremberg Laws, which codified the racial theories espoused by the party ideology. The Nuremberg Laws were actually a set of two laws: the Reich Citizenship Law and the Law for the Protection of German Blood and Honor. Reich Citizenship Law There were two major components to the Reich Citizenship Law. The first component stated that: Anyone who enjoys the protection of the Reich is considered to be a subject of it and is therefore obligated to the Reich.Nationality is determined by the Reich and state nationality laws. The second component explained how citizenship would henceforth be determined. It stated: A citizen of the Reich must be of German blood or Germanic origin and must prove by his/her conduct that they are suited to be a loyal German citizen.Citizenship may only be conferred with an official certificate of Reich citizenshipOnly Reich citizens may receive full political rights By taking away their citizenship, the Nazis had legally pushed Jews to the fringe of society. This was a crucial step in enabling the Nazis to strip Jews of their basic civil rights and liberties. Remaining German citizens were hesitant to object for fear of being accused of being disloyal to the German government as decreed under the Reich Citizenship Law. The Law for the Protection of German Blood and Honor The second law announced on September 15 was motivated by the Nazi’s desire to ensure the existence of a â€Å"pure† German nation for eternity. A major component of the law was that those with â€Å"German-related blood† were not allowed to marry Jews or have sexual relations with them. Marriages that had occurred prior to the passage of this law would remain in effect; however, German citizens were encouraged to divorce their existing Jewish partners. Only a few chose to do so. Additionally, under this law, Jews were not permitted to employ house servants of German blood who were under the age of 45. The premise behind this section of the law was centered around the fact that women under this age were still able to bear children and thus, were at risk to be seduced by Jewish males in the household. Finally, under the Law for the Protection of German Blood and Honor, Jews were forbidden to display the flag of the Third Reich or the traditional German flag. They were only permitted to display â€Å"Jewish colors† and the law promised the protection of the German government in demonstrating this right. November 14 Decree On November 14, the first decree to the Reich Citizenship Law was added. The decree specified exactly who would be considered Jewish from that point forward. Jews were placed into one of three categories: Full Jews: those who practiced Judaism or those who had at least 3 Jewish grandparents, regardless of religious practice.First Class Mischlinge (half Jewish): those who had 2 Jewish grandparents, did not practice Judaism and did not have a Jewish spouse.Second Class Mischlinge (one-fourth Jewish): those who had 1 Jewish grandparent and did not practice Judaism. This was a major change from historical antisemitism in that Jews would be legally defined not simply by their religion but also by their race. Many individuals who were life-long Christians found themselves suddenly labeled as Jews under this law. Those who were labeled as â€Å"Full Jews† and â€Å"First Class Mischlinge† were persecuted in mass numbers during the Holocaust. Individuals who were labeled as â€Å"Second Class Mischlinge† stood a greater chance of staying out of harm’s way, particularly in Western and Central Europe, as long as they did not draw undue attention to themselves. Extension of Antisemitic Policies As the Nazis spread into Europe, the Nuremberg Laws followed. In April 1938, after a pseudo-election, Nazi Germany annexed Austria. That fall, they marched into the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia. The following spring, on March 15, they overtook the remainder of Czechoslovakia. On September 1, 1939, the Nazi invasion of Poland led to the beginning of World War II and further expansion of Nazi policies throughout Europe. The Holocaust The Nuremberg Laws would ultimately lead to the identification of millions of Jews throughout Nazi-occupied Europe. Over six million of those identified would perish in concentration and death camps, at the hands of the Einsatzgruppen (mobile killing squads) in Eastern Europe and through other acts of violence. Millions of others would survive but first endured a fight for their lives at the hands of their Nazi tormentors. The events of this era would become known as the Holocaust.

2-3 paragraphs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

2-3 paragraphs - Essay Example This debate on whether viruses are living or non-living continues, and challenges our very definition of what is alive and what is not. Viruses are thought to be not alive on their own, but with a potential for life if they can find a host. All living beings have a critical complexity which lets them autonomously perform metabolic functions for their own survival and since viruses lack this critical complexity, they are on the edge of life. They are not fully alive but not completely inert either, as they can affect living beings in tremendous ways. The genetic code of the Mimivirus, for instance, is extremely complex, and makes it quite similar to parasitic cellular organisms. It is in this complexity of genetical make-up that the true significance of a virus lies, because it enables the virus to program the host cells in ways that could unexpectedly change the direction of the host’s evolution as some of the virus’s genome becomes a permanent part of a host’s genome. Some of the genomes that may seem to have come into the human genetic make-up through bacteria may have actually originated in a virus. Thus, despite being on the borderline of life, the role of viruses in living beings and evolution needs to be considered at length in order to fully understand the nature of life and its

Addiction is a Brain Disease Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Addiction is a Brain Disease - Research Paper Example This means that there are two types of addiction: behavioral addiction and substance dependence. This can be harmful for oneself and for others. Furthermore, it is important to distinguish between a habit and an addiction: a habit is what a person chooses to do, and there is no physical and physiological aspect to it, till you become so used to that substance that you cannot do without it. With addiction you also cannot survive on the same doses every time; you need to increase the dosage every time in order to satisfy yourself and you cannot stop without help. It causes many problems in every aspect of one’s life and needs to be considered. Its causes and treatments need to be laid out for better understanding. (Nordqvist, March) The prefrontal cortex is the area of the brain that allows human beings to evaluate situations, make rational decisions and control their emotions and desires. This part of the brain is still developing in adolescence and abusing it will have a very dire effect in the future. (Buljan, 2010) An addict is a person who is addicted. This person will have desires and cravings, in which he will urgently want to indulge, and usually symptoms of withdrawal accompany this feeling if he does not get the substance he craves. There are several reasons for this disease. Genetics are suspected, and so is the environment, but the new explanation that has been discovered is that it is a brain disease. (Maureen C Nash, 2011) The roles of the reward mechanisms in the brain are suspected to be involved with this disease. Dopamine systems stimulate the brain when it receives a reward be it food, or any other thing that the person likes. This is the only centre of the brain that stimulates it, and no additional centre has been found to cause addiction. Taking the substance that you are addicted to changes the wiring of your brain and you require special needs to fulfill your cravings. Dopamine is activated with the use of the substance or aspect th at you are addicted to; and this is not a natural process, but a highly unnatural one as you make your brain accustomed to the aspects that it is usually not used to, but is in fact actually sensitive to. It not only arouses your brain and rewards it but the arousal it leads to is of abnormal nature, leading to changes in the brain’s motor and cognitive abilities. Other researchers believe that what is involved in addiction includes: the medial prefrontal cortex, the hippocampus, amygdala and nucleus accumbens. There are other cortical structures involved in the rewarding centre of the brain apart from dopamine. This was shown by Hans Breiter with the help of functional magnetic resonance imaging. In simple terms, drugs such as morphine, or money, or shopping, rewards your brain and satisfies it. But if you don’t acquire them, you will experience withdrawal. This is not just the case with drugs, but also non-drug expectations. A drug will lead to ‘drug rewardsâ⠂¬â„¢ whereas a non drug will lead to a ‘non-drug reward.’ (National Institute on Drug Abuse, 2000) Positron emission tomography studies by Nora Volkrow showed that substance abusers had fewer striatal D2 receptors. There was also lower monoamine oxidase B which is important in the reward circuit of the brain in those who were addicted to smoking. This meant that more dosage was needed every time to stimulate the reward centers because addiction was reducing the enzymes needed to stimulate it. (National Institute on Drug Abuse, 2000) The brain reward system can be further extended beyond the dopamine system. The stimulation has to do with the synaptic actions when dopamine is stimulated which are affected by addiction. Since the brain is not used to such stimulation, it is required to adapt to it, a

People Attitude Towards Work Essay Example for Free

People Attitude Towards Work Essay Peoples attitude to work varies a lot i.e. in relation to the individuals personal experience and their overall perception of others (employers, colleagues) and how they are actually perceived by other people. As emphasized by various key theorists (e.g. Frederick Taylor, Maslow, Douglas McGregor etc.) discussed in Behaviour At Work element 11.1, we (people) make assumption about other people based on our own experience in that, it is a way of making sense of relating to others. We each set ourselves certain standards and expect other people to adhere to them, even though they may not share our views and have different standards for themselves. Motivation is both individual and complex and there is a difference between what motivates people to perform above average and what leads to below average performance. Douglas McGregor emphasized that managers make either theory X or Y assumptions about the way others behave. Theory X assumption includes; * an average human being inherently dislikes work and will avoid it if possible hence, these types of people must be coerced, controlled, directed or even threatened with punishment to get them to put in adequate effort at work. * an average person prefers to be directed, wishes to avoid responsibility, has relatively little ambition and wants security above any other thing. Theory Y assumptions on the other hand stresses that; * people do not inherently dislike work and that the conditions of work reflects peoples satisfaction * people will generally exercise self direction and self control in pursuit of the objective to which they are committed * people mostly learn under proper conditions, not only to accept but to seek responsibility * people are not being used by organisations to their full potential * in order to obtain commitment from employees rewards should fulfill an individuals self actualization needs Choosing either Theory X or Y has an overall effect on people, be it positive or negative i.e. there will be a tendency within an organisation for people to respond to the way they are managed thus, if employees feel that they are not being trusted, this may result in them behaving in a less trustworthy way. PEOPLES ATTITUDE TOWARDS WORK (CONT.) Conclusion: Due to the fact that there is a range of reasons why people behave differently in work situations, hence, it is unrealistic to make generalized assumption about individuals attitude to work i.e. reasons for performing better or worse than average. Behaviour of each group is most likely to be unpredictable e.g. in the case of our Young business enterprise, GNVQ group A unlike group B spent a lot of time meeting despite the fact that there was conflict between individuals, thus we all had to put personal problems aside in order to achieve the same common goal which alternatively reflects on the successful trading carried out via high level of cooperation. Peoples attitude in a particular organisation can be measured by implementing techniques such as; * Preparation of questionnaires which is distributed to a certain number of selected individuals in a particular organisation. (Ref. example of questionnaire which may be used by organisations appendix 1) * Face-to-face interviews this refers to actually forming a one to one communication strategy which deals specifically with obtaining necessary information on employees general attitude towards their work and what motivates them to work harder and effectively. Face-to-face interviews are mainly used to obtain a direct response from the people affected by each policy thus, generating a more realistic subjective view of the employees involved as opposed to making an assumption. Some of the questions which can be included while carrying out an interview are as follows; (1) Can you describe any job you have held where you were faced with problems and pressures which tested your ability to cope? (2) Can you give me an example of a time when you had to conform to a policy with which you did not agree? (3) What stimulates you in your work and how does this motivate you? (4) Would you be willing to work in a position where you are expected to make decisions and how will you conduct yourself? (5) How do you feel about the way you are managed by your superior and what will contribute to you working even better? * Surveys surveys takes different forms depending on the level of workers which are being examined. It can also be seen as a combination of the methods mentioned above i.e. in generating more response so as to obtain an overall result i.e. a more factual information regarding employees, which can obviously be relied on. (Ref. Example of a personnel performance indicator which can be used in highlighting peoples attitude to work appendix 2) (Appendix 1) Questionnaire (1) Would you consider yourself satisfied with the level of responsibility your job involves? Yes[] No[] (2) What motivates you to work? Money[] Promotion[] Job security[] Other . (3) How would you describe you working condition? V. good[] Good[] Average[] Below average[] (4) Do you like working as a group[] ; individually[] ; or both [] (5) Would you like to be included in decision making or quality circle? Yes[] No[] Dont know[] (6) What do you enjoy most in doing your job? .. (7) Have you had any complaint in relation to your level of participation in your job? Yes[] No[] If yes, how do you view this .. (8) How well do you deal with criticism? V. well[] Average [] Below average[] (9) Does criticism affect your overall performance? Yes[] No[] (10) Would you consider yourself Highly motivated[] Easily motivated[] Not easily motivated[] Dont know[] FACTORS AFFECTING MOTIVATION Peoples level of motivation is affected by certain issues, which may lead to an extensive breakdown in communication within an organisation due to lack of cooperation between employees and employees or employees and employers. These factors includes; * Hierarchy of needs this inter relates to Maslows theory of human behaviour i.e. that individuals have five level of needs which they sought to satisfy. The human needs as established by Maslow states that the lowest of our needs include the basic physiological need for food, drink and shelter, once it is satisfied, individuals then needs to protect himself/herself against danger, threat and deprivation thereafter the levels of needs rise through social needs, need for self esteem and status to the need for self actualization. This affects motivation on an individual basis i.e. an individual may focus on each step before actually moving towards self actualization thus, if he/she is not completely satisfy on any of the stages the person tends to struggle a lot in working to his/her best ability this may not be the case for lots of other people. Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Self actualization (the need to do the work we like) Esteem (the need to feel worthy and respected) Social needs (the need to be liked/loved and to be a member of a given group) Security (the need to feel safe and secure) Survival (the need to stay alive, to eat, to drink, sleep and reproduce) FACTORS AFFECTING MOTIVATION (CONT.) * Job Satisfaction this affects the way in which people feel about their work in terms of achievement or recognition from others, the work involved, level of responsibility, opportunities for advancement, company policy and administration, supervisions, salary, interpersonal relations and working conditions. In the case where these are not dealt with in a constructive manner, it may give rise to a high level of dissatisfaction at work which may in turn lead to persistent lateness or absenteeism, below average performance and real or imagined illness on the part of workers i.e. due to a downfall in level of motivation. * Challenge if the work involved is not challenging enough for certain employees, it may lead to low staff morale that is, workers may not feel the need to give the job their absolute best. On the other hand, if the job is too broad compared to a relatively low number of employees, it may also have the same negative effect in motivating the workers. * Motivators such as: reward, training, promotion etc. If these motivators lacks in an organisation, workers tend to feel that their needs are not being catered for, hence, developing a negative attitude towards employers which alternatively affect the level of work which is put into the organisation i.e. workers in this situation will only work because they feel the need to work not because they want to work. However, in order to get employees fully involved, various kinds of motivators e.g. shared ownership, cash bonuses etc. should be introduced to commend hard working employees thus, serving as a source of motivation in that people actually perform better when they are willing to work so as to meet a certain target rather than employers forcing work on them because they have to. * Career Development this proves vital in maintaining or improving the level of staff motivation in that, people like to think that their hard work will pay off well as opposed to go unrecognized thus, if there is an opportunity for career development, workers tend to perform well so as to develop their individual skills and at the same time climb up the management ladder. In a situation where it is the opposite, it may lead to a wide spread low morale amongst employees. * Level of Expectancy this may have an overall effect on an individuals attitude towards work i.e. in relation to the expectancy theory developed by Victor Vroom, for example, an individual may respond in a positive way to a high level of expectancy from employers while another employee of the same calibre breakdown under pressure thus, it all boils down to an individuals desire for something in relation to the persons estimation of how likely it can be achieved. MOTIVATORS APPROPRIATE FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF INDIVIDUAL PERFORMANCE As established by Frederick Taylor (1947) what the workforce want from their employers beyond anything else is high wages and what employers want from their workforce most of all is low labour costs the existence or absence of these two elements forms the basis for either a good or bad management. The major factors which makes people feel satisfied with their job and motivates individuals to work effectively includes; high level of achievement, recognition, opportunities for advancement and responsibility as well as the actual content of the work which is being carried out. On the other hand, factors which affects employees adversely and which lead to high level of dissatisfaction with their individual tasks include negative company policy, low level of salary and benefits, interpersonal relations and the overall working conditions (as described earlier). The following motivators are required so as to encourage individuals to work harder thus, enhancing the workers individual performance; * Autonomy this refers to the amount of freedom and discretion an individual can exercise over a certain job, this gives the worker a higher level of responsibility providing that the person wants and can cope with the responsibility. This will boost an individuals self-reliance thus, being able to meet target more effectively. Although some people prefer jobs with low level of responsibility, this is often common when people have a highly complex and demanding life outside work. However they are not likely to be high achievers. * Praise workers generally feel the need to be praised for hard work hence, serving as a motivator in encouraging the particular worker to keep doing a specific task to his/her best ability. Praise actually has an overall effect on the quality and quantity of goods and services produced, so therefore it is vital for employers to recognize and commend a high quality work. MOTIVATORS APPROPRIATE FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF INDIVIDUAL PERFORMANCE (CONT.) Delegating this motivates people to work harder in that, it also involves giving workers more responsibility for the tasks they carry out. Delegating is used in a situation where by the particular job holds certain responsibilities, but additional responsibility is giving through delegation, this may help in providing more time for more important tasks, thus, helping in increasing an individuals job satisfaction. Reluctant or poor delegation can be worse than no delegation at all, hence, this is why most employers tend to delegate trustworthy employees to carry out certain tasks. Delegation also helps in meeting target, improving cooperation between staff and employer, and improving the quality and quantity of work carried out. * Shared Ownership shared ownership schemes proves to be very successful in motivating workers in that, employees handle tasks more efficiently due to the fact that they also have a stake in the company hence, people tend to work very well if there is some kind of benefit to derive from their hard work on the long run. The introduction of shared ownership enhances general individual performance i.e. people tend to be self reliance thus, meeting targets, encouraging and maintaining good relationship with co-workers and employers which in turn helps in developing and delivering good quality of work (high standard) as well as improving the quantity of work achieved. * Quality Circle the implementation of quality circle serves as a motivator because it makes employees feel more involved in all the aspects of product development. Quality circle is usually set up to tackle a particular project where quality improvement is necessary therefore, making it easy to recognize each teams ability and alternatively rewarding individual teams for the level of work they put in improving the quality and the amount of goods actually produced. EFFECTS OF MOTIVATORS ON INDIVIDUAL PERFORMANCE In an event whereby employees needs are catered for promptly and effectively, organisations can benefit a great deal. For instance, in order for quality circles to be successful, quality improvement programmes needs full commitment from employees. The motivators discussed earlier helps in; * enhancing employees commitment to a particular organisation thus, being more reliable in performing tasks individually as well as part of a team. * boost loyalty the level of employees loyalty will be improved if they are being treated with respect they deserve e.g. if employees are offered shared ownership of an organisation as a reward for hard work, the employee will be willing to stay loyal for a long period in that, the employee will be obliged to support the particular organisations internal and external activities i.e. outside and within the organisation. On the whole, these motivators helps in providing opportunities for increased skills, flexible working and individual development. Motivators also provide social companionship and a sense of pride in the overall working relationship in regards to achievements derived from motivating workers in the correct manner. Further Analysis: GAINING EMPLOYEE COOPERATION THROUGH MOTIVATION It is essential that the reward strategy adopted by employers fulfills employees needs i.e. if motivation to work is to be maintained or increased, it is necessary that an individual is convinced that by putting in extra effort at work, his/her performance will be improved and that the reward he/she values will be forthcoming. In order to gain employee cooperation, employers focus on motivating employees in various ways depending on the organisation involved, some of the methods used in achieving this are as follows; * Job Security by providing a secure job opportunity, workers will have the opportunity for career progression, therefore, they will feel motivated to work hard so as to get on. A major example of this relates to the Japanese economy that is, because employers often offer a job for life to potential individuals thus, they tend to expect a high degree of loyalty from their workers as well as commitment to work to the very best of their ability. * Merit Rating this refers to recognizing an individuals performance and selecting personal qualities which an organisation believes to be important and assessing these qualities hence, giving the organisation an overall idea on how to reward individual performance effectively. (Ref. Merit rating form appendix 3) * Appraisal this is also used to pin point performance, appraisal is needed for assessing the performance of an individual in discharging specific responsibilities and/or the potential performance of the individual in other roles. Appraisal often involves assessing both job performance and personality characteristics relevant to the particular job. Performance appraisal is an extension and development of merit rating, it may or may not be used as a basis for increase in salary (performance related pay). GAINING EMPLOYEE COOPERATION THROUGH MOTIVATION (CONT.) An example of appraisal of an employee may take the form below; Job Knowledge and Technical Ability Comments Exceptional Good Satisfactory Marginal Inadequate Energy and Application Comments Exceptional Good Satisfactory Marginal Inadequate Organizing Ability Comments Exceptional Good Satisfactory Marginal Inadequate Overall Assessment 1. Reserved for employees whose distinguished performance is clearly obvious to all. 2. Seasoned employees whose performance is noticeable better than satisfactory. 3. Satisfactory 4. Performance close to being satisfactory but needs further development. 5. Performance clearly below the accountability level required for a certain task or set of tasks (this may include newcomers). 6. Totally unsatisfactory (Ref. Performance Appraisal by: T.L . Whisler and S.F . Harper, research and practice by: Holt, Rinehart and Winston) GAINING EMPLOYEE COOPERATION THROUGH MOTIVATION (CONT.) * Incentive Schemes this may be used to gain cooperation due to the fact that it is a valuable motivator. Incentive schemes means the payment to employees of a regular bonus related to productivity, this is designed to encourage employees to cooperate with management in raising productivity and the overall performance of the organisation. This emphasizes the relationship between performance and payment, in that money remains a major motivator in enhancing growth in the level of work performed. * Management By Objectives this focuses on increasing workers performance by agreeing individual objectives with managers and measuring progress by the degree of attainment of the objectives i.e. management by objectives involves setting specific organizational objectives for a future time period. This is a mutual setting of objectives between each position holder and his/her supervisor and the use of the objectives as standards for evaluating the employees performance. MBOs are used in gaining cooperation in regards to employee and employer relationship that is, employees will respond a lot better to discussions rather than orders/commands. POTENTIAL BENEFITS REGARDING GOOD COOPERATION As established by Frank Herzberg (1968), increased job satisfaction will not always result in increased performance but nevertheless increasing the level of job satisfaction within an organisation has lots of advantages i.e. in relation to the organisation, the managers and each individual employee. Potential benefits Potential benefits to employees to management * more interesting work Through better Through increased * scope for development working methods motivation * more autonomy * companionship and team pride * share in any benefits to employers * better quality * reduced absence * lower turnover * more flexibility * higher productivity Potential organizational benefits * high level of commitment to the organisation * improved industrial relations climate * organisation growth This table lays emphasis on improving job design and work organisation to meet individual needs. (Ref. The effective manager, book 4, open university, 1990) POTENTIAL BENEFITS REGARDING GOOD COOPERATION (CONT.) Benefits which are derived from successful communication between employers and employees includes; Organizational Benefits: * In a situation whereby employees are satisfied with the work they perform as well as their working environment, employees tend to identify more closely with the actual organisation. * Employees who are committed to the organisation are likely to work harder towards organizational goals, seize opportunities, contribute new ideas and act as good public relations officers for their employer. * Effective communication within an organisation will also give rise to less chance of industrial disputes in that, employees will have little or no dissatisfaction and the organisation as a whole can therefore expect to survive competition and prosper. Management Benefits: * If workers are highly motivated, managers will be able to expect better quality performance. * The symptoms of dissatisfaction i.e. absenteeism and illness will be minimal or not present hence, the management will be able to discover that staff are willing and able to perform a range of tasks if their individual skills and abilities are fully developed. On the long run, this benefit will lead to improved productivity and better quality service. Individual Benefits: * If a person with certain skills and abilities finds his/her job suited to the qualities he/she possess, the work the individual participate in, will become more interesting and therefore less likely to produce stress or dissatisfaction. * A job which involves various source of motivation i.e. providing an individual with a scope for development, this will be encouraging to the individual, hence, the particular person will then be able to focus on opportunities for improvement and advancement. On the whole, the level of advantages of job satisfaction outweighs its disadvantages hence, in a situation whereby everybody works hand in hand with a view of a common interest i.e. putting aside personal differences, the organisation tend to survive on the long run the young business enterprise group A is a perfect example to qualify this statement. CONCLUSION: Motivation in Regards to Group Development In order for people to get along well enough as a group so as to be able to benefit the business as a whole, motivators such as praise, autonomy, giving ideas, feedback and so on was implemented in that, for us to achieve each group development stage effectively before moving to the next important stage, it is vital for each group member to deal with the tasks given to the best of his/her ability. * Praise this was used indirectly at regular intervals, so as to show an appreciation for a good level of effort put in by each group member. * Autonomy enough opportunity was given to each group member to work on certain tasks as an individual thus, giving the person overall responsibility without too much questioning. * Giving Ideas each group member was involved in the initial brainstorm for the product ideas as well as designs to be produced and each and every idea brought forward was welcomed and discussed in further depth hence, making each group member feel as part of the business which alternatively led to intense commitment. * Feedback people need to know whether they are performing their jobs satisfactorily, they need praise for doing things well and they need help and advice if they are not performing up to standard, this is achieved through feedback during business meetings. This is used to the advantage of the business venture, in that, people who are not pulling their weight (contributing) were told directly by group members to do so, thus, giving rise to people actually performing much better in some cases and no apparent change in other cases. On the whole, the level of motivational skills applied to the business venture proves to be effective for the individuals within the group as well as in the general group development.

Materialism in George Eliots Silas Marner Essay -- essays research pa

Materialism in George Eliot's Silas Marner After contemplating which theme would be best to illustrate in my paper, in the end, I chose "Materialism vs.Relationships". In certain spots in the novel, it seems, George Eliot attempts to prove that the love of others is ultimately more valuable and fulfilling than the love of money. In my opinion, the actions of few characters could be viewed as materialistic, but I managed to find three: Dunstan Cass, William Dane, and Silas Marner. First, William Dane, Silas's friend and deacon of the church in Lantern Yard.William murdered the ill senior deacon of the church while watching over him. Silas was supposed to watch over him that night. The next day, when the senior deacon was found dead and his money missing, Silas was immediately questioned and accused. William, of course, didn't defend him. He even married the woman Silas was engaged to. Instead of remaining a good friend and deacon, he chose to steal the senior deacon's money and leave Silas to deal with the consequences. Now, on to Silas Marner. After fleeing to Raveloe, S...

How I will achieve academic and personal success at Eastern

I define college as a key to my future; it's more than just a school, but a way of life. The chance one takes in succeeding in the world now is fiercer than ever. The surreal life that some one could ever hope for would be to become rich and famous in Beverly Hills. In all truth I don't want to be like everybody else, I am my own person in my little world. I wish for that world of mine to expand and reach out for everyone to see how important a college education is. Without education there is no knowledge of what is there and not there. No understanding of the truth, and reality the world has to offer. My world may not be as big in all reality but what I dream of is bigger than all the galaxies combined. The one dream I've had since I was a little girl is to go away to college, and make my academic life explode. To go far beyond the depths of Schaumburg and really get to know all that Eastern has to offer in Graphic Design. I have always had a passion about Art; I like to create my own ideas more often than duplicating projects that have already been done. Art is like English, there is no plagiarizing other author's books, yet we still read them and write essays interpreting the meaning of their work. There is no shortcut through life, but always a back way in which there is no end. I've learned that I can only progress from practice. I really haven't taken all the courses that my past schools have offered in Art. I was hoping that Eastern would give me that opportunity to progress in my drawing and design. I love to draw, take photographs, and write. I am not a professional drawer, just a miner doodler. I take pictures of beautiful scenes because I like to and want to remember every lovely moment I live through. I cannot write novels, they boar me to sleep, I can write imaginary tales of whatever I choose. I am a very creative person and would love to express my creative thoughts with the world. I want to achieve my goals into life, and also never let myself down. By moving away from my family, and living on my own, I shall experience what college has to offer. Currently I am still living at home at my part-time job. I have a normal routine and normal life. I want to live on my own and start my life. There is not end to ones achievement, and I am only beginning. I want a crazy busy world that's full of excitement. After college I want to travel the world and see what really exceeds the United States. I'm not going to throw away my goals locked away behind a desk where I am nowhere to be heard. I have to be out there moving, inventing, and learning from other artists even after college is over. My ticket to start my journey would be this school. I am a huge perfectionist when it comes down to anything, I will try until I get into this school. I never give up on life and that's why Eastern shouldn't give up on me. I will work hard and succeed to be the best at what I do. Truly After all you only live once, but try to live twice.

Vegetarian Diet: a Good Practice to Lose Weight or Not

Vegetarian Diet: A Good Practice to Lose Weight or Not? Obesity is one of the major problems of modern societies. At this present, Thai people are getting fatter. According to Kasikorn Research Centre, the researches in 2008 indicates that the number of Thai people classed as overweight is expected to increase between 10 – 12 millions, which is almost 1 in 6 people of the country. However, nowadays, people are more concerned about their health and fitness. They want to be good looking and healthy, so people are looking for ways to lose weight. One popular dietetic practice is vegetarianism.In many areas, people are vegetarians because of inadequate income, lack of animal products, and religious belief. Vegetarian diet becomes the most popular diet practice as it has been proved to lose weight effectively. However, vegetarian diet remains a controversial issue among people. Some people claim that vegetarian diet is lack of nutrients, unhealthy and a difficult practice. However, vegetarian diet is a good practice for losing weight as it benefits weight loser in many ways. Firstly, vegetarian diet is an effective practice to lose weight.Many studies indicate that vegetarian dieters can lose weight very fast. The easiest concept of losing weight is people have to eat fewer calories than they expend. Vegetarian diet helps people lose significant weight since vegetarian foods which include vegetables, fruits and grainsarevery low in calories. Moreover, there are other supporting factors. The fact is fruits and vegetables contain a large amount of water and fibers which enable people to feel full quickly. From the scientific study, human body can absorb vegetable nutrients better than meat.Besides, vegetarians can eat unlimited amount of high-fiber foods without feeling hungry. Furthermore, eating vegetables helps increase calories burnedafter meal since the nutrients from vegetables are digestedfaster than from meats. Also, the consumption of whole grains, one of the staples of vegetarian diets, is proved to be associated with a lower body mass index and waist circumference(BMI). From the researches, vegetarian dieters can achieve their weight losing as they can lose weight about a pound per week without additional exercise and calories intake limitation (physician committee for responsible medicine, 2006).Vegetarianism is the only diets for permanent weight loss since it enables people to shed off unnecessary fats. If people decrease their animal products intakes, undoubtedly, they will lessen their fats intake which is the main reason of weight gain. Quoted in physician committee for responsible medicine, Susan E. Berkow, the author of the Nutrition Reviews, wrote in her reviews that both male and female vegetarians weight 3 to 20 percents lower than meat eaters. Therefore, vegetarian diet is proved to be an effective way to lose weight It has been claimed that being vegetarian is not a good practice because it has many side effects.So me people argue that vegetarians are fainted easily and stressed since they have to avoid meats. In fact, vegetarian diet has fewer side effects when compared to Atkins diet and using diet pills. The first one, Atkins diet practice, gives many trans-fats which come from eating an unlimited amount of meat, dairy products. As reported in Akins Nutritional Organization article, trans-fats have no nutritional value and are the major cause of obesity and the contributor to heart disease. Additionally, meats are converted to fats and fats have been added to weight increasing.Nutritionists have found that Atkins weight loss program increases the risk of heart disease while vegetarian diet decreases it. Moreover, according to the American Cancer Society’s studies, meat increases the risk of colon cancer. On the contrary, fruits and vegetables help lower the risk of getting cancer. The second way to lose weight compared to vegetarian diet is taking diet pills. Diet pills restrain appe tite so they make people feel full so that they can lose weight very quickly; however, it causes many side effects on health. The fact is diet pills cause many ailments such as nervousness, fatigue, headaches, and diarrhea.Moreover, diet pills overdose leads to tremors, hallucinations, heart attack and even death. Many pills contain dangerous chemical substances. For example, Phenylpropanolamine can increase heart beat rate and blood pressure. From the report published in 2004 by the New England Journal of Medicine, San Francisco researchers link diet pills to be the cause of 10 deaths and 20 heart attacks and strokes within the past two years after their drug intake. Hence, losing weight by eating plant products poses less harm than Atkins diet and taking diet pills. Also, vegetarian dietbenefits weight losers in terms of the expenses.Some people may argue that vegetarian foods cost much money and cooking vegetarian dishes can be complicated since they have to select specialthe ing redients. In fact, vegetarian diet helps save money because vegetables and fruits, actually, cost less than meats and whole grains are less expensive than protein from meats. Moreover, since vegetarian diet has few side effects, it helps people save the money spent onmedical care and health insurance. On the other point of view, people who disagree with vegetarian diet claim that vegetarian diet is an unhealthy practice for losing weight since it lacks many nutrients.They claim that those who practice vegetarian diet may lack of nutrients from protein, vitamins and fats. Protein for body growth generally comes from meat and dairy products and vitaminB12, for example, which used to help forming red blood cells and functioning nerve systems comes from milk. In addition, energy which is used during all stages of life comes from fats, carbohydrate, and protein. Besides, they argue that water and fibers reduce energy density and increase the volume of foods. Vegetables and fruits, natura lly, contain a lot of water and fiber content, so they might low in calories and give low energy density.Therefore strict vegetarian diet does not providepeople enough energy to use during the daily activities in life. Actually, to people who are not well informed, vegetarian diet is proven to be a good practice to lose weight. The fact is there are four main types of vegetarian diet. It is categorized by the animal meat restriction in the diet. The first type is a total vegetarian or vegan which is the group of people who eat only vegetables. People who are vegans can lose weight very fast. The second type islacto vegetarian.This type of vegetarian allows vegetables and dairy products. Ovo-vegetarian is another type of vegetarian. They consume vegetables and eggs which give them enough protein. The last type of vegetarian is lacto-ovo vegetarian. People who practice lacto-ovo vegetarians eat all vegetables,eggs and dairy products. It is proved that adopting this diet has many healt h benefits, more than a meat-full diet since lacto-ovo vegetarian food provides protein, carbohydrate, fats, minerals and vitamins which are necessary to human body.So, people in this diet type do not need to find other supplements to stay healthy. Another point is that there are other sources of nutrients from plants which function as protein in meats, vitamins and minerals such as whole grains, legumes, vegetable seeds and nuts. Moreover, lacto vegetarians and lacto-ovo vegetarians can gain vitaminB12 by eating dairy products while vegans can obtain vitaminB12 from soy milk and yeast. Besides, milk and dairy products are another source of calcium. Also, kales and green leave vegetables can give calcium which are absorbed better than that from milk.Furthermore, vegetables contain the less amounts of saturated fats than meats, so it can lower blood pressure and cholesterol levels and the risk of cardiovascular disease. Additionally, vegetarian meals have essential minerals and vitam ins which are good for health. Vegetables are rich in antioxidants and protective Phytonutrients which lower the risk of cancer and chronic syndrome. Besides, losing weight by vegetarian diet is not proven to cause an illness. People who consume a lot of meat have a high risk of heart-disease, cancer and bone loss.The study of more than 500,000 middle-aged and elderly Americans found that those who consumed about four ounces of red meat a day were more than 30 percent likely to die from heart disease and cancer during ten years followed. In conclusion, there are several benefits of vegetarian diet for weight losers. Vegetarian diet is proved to be an effective way to lose weight since it has lesser negative side effects and benefits weight losers in terms of the expenses. There are four types of vegetarians included lacto vegetarians, lacto-ovo vegetarians, ovo-vegetarians and vegans which are categorized from the restriction of animal products.Although some people argue that vegeta rian diet is an unhealthy way to lose weight, many studies prove that vegetarian diet is a healthy weight loss practice. Albert Einstein once said â€Å"Nothing will benefit human health and increase chances for survival of life on earth as much as the evolution of vegetarian diet. † Nevertheless, there are many people who starting vegetarian diet without nutritional background knowledge about balanced diet. Therefore, vegetarians should be aware of what nutrients lack in the diet and carefully select types that appropriate for each person to become a wise weight loser. ThanchanokSrisawang 520110045

Florida Tech University Online MBA Program Essays

Florida Tech University Online MBA Program Essays Florida Tech University Online MBA Program Essay Florida Tech University Online MBA Program Essay Florida Tech University  Online MBA Program has been educating prominent business executives, astronauts and decorated U.S. generals for over fifty years. With our internationally recognized team of  committed  faculty, a commitment to academic excellence and our alumni who keep the Florida Tech University tradition alive through our outstanding achievements. Earning a degree demands a significant time commitment on your part. You want to be absolutely sure that all your hard work will pay off with a degree that’s not only recognized but also respected.  Florida Tech University is nationally accredited.  Which  means you can be confident that the university has been judged  Ã‚  evaluated to consistently meet the high quality standards. Not only will potential employers recognize your degree from Florida Tech University, but many other regionally accredited institutions will recognize your credentials as well. Florida Tech University has perfected our video based E learning system with all the benefits of a traditional   on campus classroom environment. You will be immersed in an online environment that lets you study at your pace and your convenience while working around around your busy schedule. Click the Banner below for the Official:   : Florida Tech University Online MBA Program no GMAT USC Social Work  Online MBA Program no GMAT  with a time honored reputation for educational excellence, the research funding and  diversity, the University of Southern California’s School of Social Work prepares its students for major leadership roles in both the public and private sectors and organizations that serve our nation, its families and our communities in need. A true pioneer in the state of the art programs of our online study, the Southern California’s School of Social Work is one of the highest ranked schools of social work in Southern California and is among the top 10 in the country. The USC online  Virtual Academia Center is state of the art and offers its students the opportunity to learn and earn a Master of Social Work degree with no relocating and is specially designed to guide social workers with the extensive knowledge and hands on skills to make a real difference in our  country  while improving the lives of our population. Click the Banner below for the Official: USC School of Social Work Online MBA Program no GMAT Vermont Law School  Online MBA Program no GMAT  is truly committed to making a very significant impact in the community and the world. Our primary goal is to groom graduates who steward our normal systems and work at the intersection of the law, economics,  politics, science, and ethics. From our students, faculty, and staff the character of this university is engaged and collaborative while at the same time motivated yet ethical, sophisticated,  intelligent and caring. As a Vermont law student you will experience a high-tech, online educational environment, interacting with and learning from our expert faculty hand picked from the world’s leading environmental teachers, legal scholars, and practitioners. Throughout your rigorous curriculum, you will find yourself focused on understanding the many complexities of   true environmental law policymaking, and the legalities that guide our ever expanding environmental advocacy. Vermont Law School’s law program has always been at the very forefront of the field since the late 1970s and has also been  ranked number one by  U.S. News numerous  times since the early 199os. It still holds the distinction of being the only program available on line and is still offered from the top environmental law schools in the United Sates. We believe that our environment is the most precious resource we have. In  todays  day an age when our world is under tremendous strain, there is an ever emerging need for passionate people who can devote their careers to protecting mother earth. Our beautiful planet needs true champions who can transform laws and policy across the globe; people who will stand up and fight the influence of change through the advocacy, policy transformation and of most of all action. Vermont Law School has  two online degree options  that will give you with the expertise you need to address the ever increasingly complex nature of the environmental issues we face on an ongoing basis as a society. Click the Banner below for the Official: Vermont Law School Online MBA Program no GMAT University of San Francisco  Online MBA Program no GMAT  was founded way back in 1855, the University of San Francisco has had a longstanding tradition of true academic excellence. The University of San Francisco is accredited and was unconditionally affirmed for the maximum 7 years during its most recent university review. University of San Francisco was first accredited in 1950 so our long stand commitment to academic excellence speaks for itself. The University of San Francisco School of Business and Management is also accredited by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business) the leading accrediting body for business schools in the USA.  The University of San Francisco offers online and in demand programs that enable you to gain many new valuable skills and credentials all online, at your convenience so you can still meet your obligations to work and family. You will also  enhance your expertise with the most effective business management tools and techniques available. Whether you need to implement and process many improvements or gradually evolve your organization into a process based institution, the University of San Francisco’s Master Certificate in Business Process Management gives you the tools you need to succeed. Every online course gives you the tools you need to tap into the knowledge and experience of our leading business management experts in the nation. In as little as eight weeks, you will gain critical skills that you can apply immediately in the real world, on the job and a valuable credentials that will serve as a significant milestone as you complete each of our courses. Click the Banner below for the Official:   University of San Francisco Online MBA Program no GMAT Stay tuned for our next list of the top non GMAT programs in the country as well as some of the best or most affordable places to get your GMAT if thats the direction you want to head.

60 Interesting Research Paper Topics †Pro-Academic-Writers.com

60 Interesting Research Paper Topics Research paper topic has to be up-to-date, engaging, and scientific. It has to deal with the most typical problems of modern society. Students should choose topics based on their relevance to their community. If a teacher does not assign a specific research paper topic, it means that you can come up with your own idea. It is not that easy to select a good research paper topic idea. You have to look through endless pages of many different sources to offer your idea to the world. Besides, it is important to make sure that the social, political, or economic problem of your choice is harshly discussed in the media. Find out whether this life problem has a lot of information available in free access to your further research. Human health, problems with children, road safety, animal protection, women rights, and life cycle – all of these topics are perfect for your future project. It is too difficult to select only one idea. You may count on efficient online help when thinking about the best topic name. Avoid stable facts that do not change for years. It is better to talk about some innovations or sensations in your research paper. Do not take too fresh ideas as well – such topics may lack information to serve as your evidence. You may talk about food or impact of the internet on our life. Millions of sources are describing these topics in details. Learn here how to write A+ research paper. Your research paper has to be 100% unique meaning no plagiarism is allowed. The rights of the official sources you might use are reserved, so you have to cite every phrase used in your research paper. Do not forget to include a separate References page (a.k.a. Bibliography) at the end of your research project to distinguish the authors you were inspired by. Besides, your readers have a right to know where to find the sources. If you are using online sources in your research topic, mention them with the links. The main idea is that work cannot be good without all works cited included properly. There are many social problems in the life of modern United States citizens. You should know where to get inspired while choosing your research paper topic. We have collected some issues that may help you to select the best topic from the list. Please have a look at the research paper topics listed below to start searching for the right sources now! Most Recently Selected Research Paper Topics We will do half of the work instead of you by providing a list of good research paper topics below. How to protect abortion doctors and pregnant women. Search for scientific evidence of abortion. Unborn victims of violence. Search for the main factors thanks to which relative equality has been achieved. Reverse discrimination. NOW, National Organization for Women – any related topic. Parents who pay twice: is education worth of it? Government contribution to the public wealth. Special classes with students who have disabilities. Changes in required standardized tests. Search for what local control of education is about. Discrimination in education. Women role in international politics has grown significantly. Paperwork vs. printing on computers. Global warming causes and effects in the closest future. Finding time to dedicate to charity. The time a human being requires to reach the closest planets. Programs aimed to clone humans. Smoking in public places consequences. University education guarantees brilliant career. The Internet has allowed a quick search. In several European schools, fewer than 10% of students get the highest grades. Is there grade inflation in the United States? â€Å"A† means nothing when it comes to joining military. Education and funding –any research topic. No Child Left Behind Act – any good idea. Remote education has shown magnificent results. The role of term papers in the educational system. Children rights should be defended more intensively. How do  GPS  systems work? Who was actually the first person to reach the Moon? Consumer rights are best protected in developed countries. Any search on the internet regulations. Search for the influence of the internet on music and cinematography industries. Pick some good thoughts. How does a search engine work? Animal rights are protected better these days. Prolonged steroid use on the human body has more negative effects than positive results. Usage of medical marijuana. Alcohol beverages are twice more dangerous than any of the known drugs. Research results. Do the benefits of vaccination outweigh its threats? Any good topic dedicated to common sleep disorders. Crisps are the worst food when talking about the obesity problem. The way  skateboard invention has changed  the world. The main causes of the  stock market crash  of 2008 and further world’s financial crisis. Searching for answers to how  Cleopatra  came to power in Egypt. The law that forbids drinking on the board of the airplane has improved the overall safety situation. Hip-hop history and cultural impact. What makes the  platypus  an original and interesting mammal? The most effective way to make money work for you instead of vice versa. The life on Earth is coming to its logical end (with proofs). Online strangers appear to be sexual maniacs in most of the cases. Obesity – any research topic. Depression – find an effective study as an example of a good approach to fighting with this disorder. Schizophrenia and other nervous break-downs. How much the  war on drugs  cost Americans annually. Teen literacy suffers because of the regular text messaging – essay with pros and cons. Human evolution – has it really reached its finish? What is the  curse  of the pharaohs? Vegetarianism – any subject. Search for a good idea on dyslexia. How are  black holes  built? Don’t forget about the opportunity to order a complete custom research paper done from scratch from the online professionals!

Analysis of the hi-fi industry Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Analysis of the hi-fi industry - Assignment Example This has been the case ever since the hi-fi industry came into being and was thus shown the way to increase its basis within the related settings. The growth and developmental basis of the hi-fi industry has come about with the comprehension that its strengths lie in the wake of the potential growth that remains within its fore. What this means is that how well the strengths are being highlighted and what the hi-fi industry as a whole is bringing out with each passing day. This has been represented in the examples that have been given of the hi-fi industry within this case study. The strengths are therefore enclosed within the people who buy the products that are produced by the hi-fi industry and thus cater to its relevant market domains (Nixon, 2010). The weaknesses are present within it as well. These comprise of the immense shortfalls that happen each year in terms of the production estimates of the hi-fi products that are required by the audiophiles and the tech fanatics spread all over the world. This is an important consideration that should be given enough weight because no one expects the audiophiles to go for something which is not easily digestible on their part as far as their audio and video requirements are concerned. This has been shown time and again with delay times in processing which has been the norm for all the wrong reasons. What is even worse is the fact that the hi-fi industry depends a great deal on its own people and if these people fall short on its expected count, then there is bound to be serious anomalies within the relevant system domains. The industry would also suffer as a result of the same as the customer expectations would shift by a long stretch. Since the strengths and the weaknesses are something that is internal to an organization, the opportunities and threats are external and thus have a very wide perspective attached to the same. This would mean that the

'Petroglyph Park' by Jaune Quick-to-See Smith and 'The large Blue Term Paper

'Petroglyph Park' by Jaune Quick-to-See Smith and 'The large Blue Horses' byFranz Marc - Term Paper Example Franz, was a very sensitive painter who was well known for expressing his feelings and emotions through his pieces of art. He loved painting animals, especially horses because he felt that animals are innocent creatures and are much closer to God than human beings. Both artists, Juane and Franz had their own unique and peculiar style of painting but yet shared some commonality between them – such as abstract figures and the use of rich colors. Juane’s paintings are well known as â€Å"inhabited landscapes† while she makes use of modernist color and unique techniques created from her vocabulary of art work which includes oil painting as well as works on paper. The Petroglyph Park was started by Juane about five years later when she completed her MA in art in 1980, from the University of New Mexico and it is this series of paintings that established her artistic voice in the lineage of landscape painting in America. In her modern abstraction of the Petroglyph Park, she makes use of a unique compositional style with brilliant colors and gestural layers of paint. ‘The Large Blue Horses’ by Franz Marc is an expression of his feelings towards animals in general. His type of painting belongs to the category of ‘Expressionists’ as it depicts the sensitive feelings and emotions of the artist.

The Causes and Effects of Islamic Resurgence in Late 20th and Early Essay

The Causes and Effects of Islamic Resurgence in Late 20th and Early 21st century in the Middle East - Essay Example The growing interest in the Islamic resurgence can be traced by several factors. Ali E.Hillal Dessouki enumerated three factors: one is the increasing economic influence of oil-producing countries which are mostly Islamic; another is the concern with the security and the stability of the Persian/Arab Gulf countries; and the new wave of Islamic resurgence in almost all countries where Muslims live (page 3). These interests have been the fruit of the Muslim's search in revitalizing Islam and the Muslim community. According to John L. Esposito et al., Muslims seek to restore Islam with the experience of Muslim decline and western domination in the late 20th century (page 37). Baath Party is a political party and movement influential among Arab communities in the Middle East, especially in Syria and Iraq. From the beginning, the Baath Party was a secular Arab nationalist party. Socialism was originally the economic system of belief of the Party. Thematically, the name baath means resurrection or renaissance. This is the apparent initial movement that aims at rebuilding and encouraging the rebirth of Arab national spirit. Most of the major proponents of early Baathist contemplation had been partially influenced by education in the West. At first, the three major proponents of Baathist thought - Arsuzi, Salah, and Aflaq developed their vision of Arab nationalism to just diminutive audiences in Syria. Eventually, Salah and Aflaq joined in support the Ali al-Gailani's government in Iraq against the British presence during the 1940s. From then on, the movement evolved into a party with an approved constitution and executive committee. However, the intention and purpose of the regional Baath Party was wholly surpassed and eclipsed by the regional commands of he Baath parties of Syria and Iraq. Baath parties in Syria and Iraq each created its own national command. These two countries were the guiding force to the rest of regional commands of the Baath Party that existed in other Arab countries like Jordan, Lebanon and Yemen. They served as a subordinate of the dominant Baath Party in Syria and Iraq. A significant rebirth of Islam occurred when the Syrian Baath merged with the Arab Socialist Party of Akram al-Hurani in 1952. They jointly formed the Arab Baath Socialist Party that successfully won at the 1954 election. It was from then on that Baath members played an important role in the politics of Syria. More importantly, the Baath party were instrumental in procuring the union with Egypt that led to the official and momentary termination of the party and let down of the Baathists. B. Secularism Secularism has been the factor of the Islamic resurgence. Since the year 1979 revolution, the Shiite clergy dominated the political life in contemporary Iran. Furthermore, religious fundamentalists in Arab communities campaign for the fusion of religious authority with temporal political power. C. Nationalism In the rebirth of Islam religion, the term nationalism is greatly regarded as Arab Nationalism. It refers to both doctrines and movements emphasizing the cultural identity and the political independence, solidarity, association, or unity of Arab people and sovereign states. The Arab nationalism developed rapidly and hit its

Unfortunate effects on rural public education in Ecuador

Unfortunate effects on rural public education in Ecuador Educator George Washington Carver once stated, Education is the key to unlock the golden door of freedom (State University 2002). Such key will never be held by the hand of Ecuadorians as the country of Ecuador struggles to provide a satisfactory education system to children in rural areas. The poor education system is a key contributor to Ecuadors state as a developing country. This limiting factor has created a vicious cycle of child laborers and inequality among children in rural and urban communities (Salazar and Glashinovich 1996). This paper will provide an in depth analysis of the education systems in Ecuador and the reform required to provide children with a better future. Ecuadors substandard education system is a consequence of the lack of government funding towards infrastructure and accessibility. With the lack of money towards education, problems such as inconsistent teaching, poor attendance, and inequalities between rural and urban scho 1ols arise. Attempted progress has been made by reformists such as President Rafael Correa who works with government funding to better school systems (Bellettini 2004). It is people like President Rafael Correa who are undoubtably the greatest source of hope to the education system of Ecuador. Last April, I travelled to Ecuador with Canada World Youth. The purpose of the trip was to form a partnership between the Canadian and Ecuadorian students. The trip provided me with a cross-cultural experience as I learnt the necessity of foreign for rural education. Our group of fourteen students raised $10,000 which was used to sponsor the education of 4 students in Ecuador including their high school fees. The failing education system instated in rural Ecuadorian communities is faced with numerous issues involving, inconsistent teaching, and poor attendance. These issues are presented due to the lack of government support and funding for education. The problems currently present in Ecuador make it difficult for Ecuadorians to become prosperous and contribute to society. Political instability within the countrys own borders have invited violent protests concerning the previous three democratically elected presidents (Lopez and Valdes 2000). Political issues as well as the economic crisis have proved to further the potential of restoring proper and effective education practices in rural Ecuador. Many social institutions demand governmental support, but it is the education system in Ecuador that is the most desperate. Researchers have highlighted that the education system has slowly been improving since the 1990s (Vos and Ponce 2004). Although, in comparison to previous decades, the educational development has decreased in effectiveness while educational inequalities has drastically grown between the urban and rural communities. The Ecuadorian government has set aside insufficient funds for their social programs as they solely contribute four percent of the countries Gross Domestic Product, compared to the average twelve percent that the general Latin American country invested (Ibid 2004). Not only has the Ecuadorian government neglected funds for the necessary social programs but they have also transferred their focus to social protection programs. This transfer of priorities has cut the funding for education programs by fifty percent (Cibilis, Giugale and Lopez-Calix 2003). The budget cut has affected all school systems across Ecuador, especially the ru 2ral communities. The limited support has caused a decrease in school infrastructure, teacher salary, and teacher training programs. The school systems are suffering and need more investment and greater reform strategies. The government must increase their investment to at least five percent of the countrys Gross Domestic Product in oder to be successful (Schiefelbein 1992). In 2007, President Correa was elected to office in Ecuador. He created a platform that believed in education excellence and education reform (Economist 2009). Since 2007, Correa has spent approximately $280 million on school infrastructure and maintenance (Ibid 2009). In addition the President has introduced logic tests which teachers must pass in order to educate the youth. These logic tests are designed to increase a teachers credibility and ability to instruct young students (Ibid 2009). Those who do not pass the logic tests are required to take a year long training course which will help to develop their teaching strategies and knowledge. The logic tests benefit the school systems as teachers become more prepared and have more effective teaching methods. These tests will be a mandatory measure for all teachers, and will soon increase the quality of Ecuadors public education system. The lack of government investment towards social programs, specifically education systems has greatly inf 3luenced accessibility, teaching methods, and school infrastructure. The rural communities are far more underprivileged then the urban public schools in Ecuador. In rural regions and in most parts of Latin America, teachers are likely to be under qualified and ineffective at instructing. Similarly to Ecuador, forty to fifty of Latin American teachers have no professional training or qualifications (Schiefelbein 1992). The lack of training and qualifications is a result of poor funding and investment by the government. Training programs and workshops are not available to all teachers especially those in the rural communities. In Latin America, people who graduate with higher levels of educations tend to move to the urbanized cities and obtain prosperous jobs (Schiefelbein 1995). Sadly, those who have poor levels of education, become teachers. Teachers with no training and limited knowledge dictate the quality of a school. Furthermore, the teaching population in Ecuador earn low salari es as the government does not believe that teachers merit higher salaries (Schiefelbein 1992). A typical public school instructor in rural Ecuador generally earns $350 per month (Torres 2005). Teachers make an insufficient salary because there is limited funding. Without funding and low salaries, most instructors at the public school level have two or more jobs to pay for their finances. Multiple jobs on the go, means that teachers sometimes neglect to show up to instruct. The Foundation for Sustainable Development claims that there is a high rate of absenteeism among teachers (sixteen percent)(FSD 2003). With teachers absent from classes sixteen percent of the time during the scholastic year, students are missing crucial learning opportunities. Most of the teachers absent for that time would be working at other jobs trying to gain a greater income. The quality of teaching in rural Ecuador and in the public system is very low as the teachers are under qualified and mostly disinteres ted in teaching. Although some teachers are effective, the vast majority of those effective teachers are accepted to teach at private schools. Private schools in Ecuador have the money unlike public schools to afford exemplarily teachers. Unfortunately for the public system, qualified teachers escape to the private schools wh 4ere their salaries are often five to ten times higher then the public system (Schiefelbein 1995)The typical school is unable to hire highly skilled teachers and will find it difficult to implement innovations to improve its educational quality (Schiefelbein 1992: 36). The methods of instruction are inadequate in countries like Ecuador. Unfortunately due to budget restraints, teachers do not have access to a curriculum to help improve their lesson plans. Without a common curriculum to be followed by all public schools, the learning becomes inconsistent and unequal between different schools and regions (Schiefelbein 1992). Simple skills that involve reading, writing, comprehension are difficult to achieve in rural Ecuador (Ibid 1992). Teachers do not posses the necessary credentials and materials to teach these children, as the government neglects them of the necessary resources. With limited funding invested in education, many consequences arise with improper teaching methods between schools in rural Ecuador. The greatest consequence of poor teaching is the rate of student repetition. In Latin America, only nineteen percent of nine year olds attend schools, but nearly fifty percent of the first grade students repeat as they are unable to fulfill the teachers requirements (Schiefelbein 1992). The country of Ecuador would drastically benefit if more money was invested into increasing the quality of teaching as it would decrease the rate of student repetition. Repeating a grade is not only staggering the students ability to learn and involve themselves in the work force but it also posses massive affects on the educational system financially. In rural Ecuador, repetition is two times higher then the countries average (Ibid 1992). If the ecuadorian g 5overnment were to invest more money in to developing an accessible curriculum for all teachers, repetition rates would decrease. The Ecuadorian public school system posses many problems for people in rural communities. The inconsistency in teaching methods are followed by widespread truancy as parents would rather send their child to work as opposed to enrolling them in a rural school. Limited access to schools and extra student costs for those in rural Ecuador are some of the major factors that affect enrollment rates and attendance. There are vast differences and inequities that are noticeable when comparing urban and rural education systems. Although public education is free for children ages five to fifteen years old, enrollment rates suffer drastically in rural communities. In urban developed areas, children have an average of twelve years of schooling while children from rural Ecuador only have an average of four years (Cibilis et al. 2003). Of those children who had four years of schooling, only nineteen percent of the total rural population is enrolled in school compared to eighty percent of the total urban population (Ibid 2003). Education inequities are also affecting those children who wish to attend higher education levels as only two percent of the poorest quantile attend higher education (Ibid 2003). The Ecuadorian government must learn how to disperse their funding equally among communities so that education practices and accessibility is the same for every child. One of the most common reasons for the lack of enrollment, is due to school accessibility. Although the Correo government is starting to invest more in school infrastructure and maintenance there are still minimal public schools available for children in rural areas(Economist 2009). Only 42% of children among those in the poorest quantile have access to preschool education (Cibilis et al. 2003: 271). There is noticeably more opportunity for preschool education in urban communities as they are given a higher priority over rural public education. Coincidently there are more children in rural Ecuador who need public education than urban areas. The inadequate financing and poor accessibility to public schools for those living in rural Ecuador posse major decisions on parents. They often have to decide whether or not to enroll their children due to financial limitations. Although Ecuador promises to serve the public with free education there are still extra costs that are not covered by the government. With restricted funds, families have difficulty paying for uniforms, school supplies, and transportation (Vos and Ponce 2004). The indirect costs linked to the lack of government investment are a considerable reduction in family income because the child is no longer working (Ibid 2004). Many families in rural Ecuador are faced with the difficult decision on whether to send their 6 child to school or have them work. With more government funding towards public education, parents would not have to pay extra costs for school. Therefore, parents would be more inclined to enroll their children to become educated. Although it is evident that the rural education system in Ecuador is desperate for money and seems somewhat helpless, there are reform practices taking place that are proven to be effective. Currently in Mexico, education reform is taking place that could be implemented in to Ecuadors education system. Education reform known as Telesecondary would be transferable and an effective means of reform in rural Ecuador. Telesecondary is a teaching strategy that delivers greater education through new technologies. It consists of using computers, internet and mass media (Cibilis et al. 2003). The students learning from this innovative teaching method distance themselves from the instructor. The main purpose of th 6 7is reform is to give all children the ability to learn at their own pace with a structured and reliable source of information (Cibilis et al. 2003). Another recommendation and applicable education reform strategy would be following the model of the Escuela Nueva. The Escuela Nueva project is currently being practiced in Mexico. Escuela Nueva is community based which focuses primarily on active participation, and cooperative learning (Schiefelbein 1992). The project helps children learn vital life skills by applying their knowledge learnt in class to the outside community. This model of education responds directly to the education challenges that are currently present in Ecuador. It helps to eliminate poor educational infrastructure, repetition rates, and under qualified teachers. The Escuela Nueva programs help schools to achieve a standardized curriculum, better teacher training and greater community involvement. Once part of the Northern Inca Empire, Ecuador has suffered a disruptive past. Such is exemplified as the country has faced poor governance and instability of constitutions as they have just recently imposed their twentieth constitution since 1830 ( State University 2002). However, the greatest problem to face the country is that of education. The poor education system is a key contributor to Ecuadors state as a developing country. Ecuadors substandard education system is a consequence of inconsistent teaching, poor attendance, and the nonobservance of minority groups. Progress has been attempted by reformist President Correa who has concentrated millions of dollars on bettering education in Ecuador. Undeniably, it is he w 8ho serves as the greatest source of hope to the education system of Ecuador. Although the President and his government have made much progress during his two-term reign, there are many steps to be taken to reach resolution, including the elimination of child labor. Subsequently such extensive education problems are followed by the constant battle with child labor in addition to poor economic practices. It is educational reform which will lead to the evolution of Ecuador as its citizens become literate and receive additional opportunities, such as jobs, thereby diminishing poverty (Bellettini 2004). Education may be the problem, but it is also the solution to increase Ecuadors progression to become a developed country.